MALPRACTICE IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS AND THE CONSOLIDATION OF DEMOCRACY IN NIGERIA A STUDY OF FOURTH REPUBLIC
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- 1-5 Chapters
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- NGN 3000
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- Background of the study
- Background of the study
The credibility of the electoral process has not only become an instrument for the end of authoritarianism or a transition to democracy, but it has also become an instrument for determining the integrity and legitimacy of a democratic regime. This is because elections have become an instrument in both of these contexts. A credible election is one in which both the local populace and the foreign world see the way it was carried out as being free and fair. It is one thing to have elections, make the transition to democracy, or even hold regular elections for a number of years after the transformation has taken place. It also implies something else to have credible elections, which are elections that are generally acknowledged as being free and fair by individuals and the international world. Therefore, the likelihood of Ismaila and Othman's newly founded democracy being consolidated would improve if stakeholders accepted the results of the election (2015)
A democracy is a form of governance that encourages the engagement of the general populace in governmental affairs and holds elected officials accountable to the voters for their policies and actions. The representatives are public office holders who are voted into office by the people via an election process; their primary role is to advocate the interest of the electorate in the government. The representatives are elected by the people.
On the other hand, elections are the vital organs of democratic government. It serves as the pivot point around which democracy is based. Election, as defined by Arolowo and Aluko (2017), is "a process by which the people pick their leaders and signal their choice for policies and program and as a consequence invest a government with the ability to rule." "It is the process by which eligible adult voters elect their politically favored representatives to parliament legislature of a county (or any other public offices) for the goal of forming and governing the government of the country. According to Momodu and Gambo (2018), the trust in this mechanism is based on the fact that it enables the people to determine who and who should wield political power in relation to their various interests. This is accomplished by providing the ballot as an outlet for the expression of voter preference based on the voter's assessment of the candidates' integrity and the reliability of each candidate's party manifesto.
In Nigeria's current, fourth republic, the issue of democratization has been centered on the difficulties presented by electoral misconduct. Aside from the longer years of colonial domination and post-independence military expedition that ended with the fourth republic, elections in the country have been plagued by spiraling malpractices in the electoral process as confirmed by domestic and external election monitoring bodies during the elections of the fourth republic. This is despite the fact that the colonial era and post-independence military expedition both ended with the fourth republic. The phenomenon of election malpractice has been a clog in the wheels of democratization in the country even as the country staggers with many other challenges such as corruption, factionalism, insurgency, unemployment, poverty, illiteracy, and ethno-religious disharmony. Election malpractice has been a clog in the wheels of democratization in the country even as the country staggers with many other challenges. It is upon this premise that this study seeks to examine electoral malpractice and democratic consolidation using the fourth republic as case study.
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